Name: __________________________ Date: _____________



1.
An 81-year-old female fell and struck her head. You find the patient lying on her left side. She is conscious and complains of neck and upper back pain. As you are assessing her, you note that she has a severely kyphotic spine. What is the MOST appropriate method of immobilizing this patient?
A.
Apply a cervical collar and place her in a sitting position on the wheeled stretcher.
B.
Immobilize her in a supine position on a long backboard and secure her with straps.
C.
Leave her on her side and use blanket rolls to immobilize her to the long backboard.
D.
Move her to a supine position and immobilize her with a scoop stretcher and padding.


2.
Which of the following MOST accurately describes the correct position of the EMTs who are executing the diamond carry technique?
A.
two at the head, two at the feet, and a fifth EMT balancing the torso
B.
one at the head, two at the feet, and a fourth EMT balancing the torso
C.
one at the head, one at the feet, and one on each side of the patient's torso
D.
two at the head, one at the feet, and one on the left side of the patient's torso


3.
To minimize the risk of injuring yourself when lifting or moving a patient, you should:
A.
flex at the waist instead of the hips.
B.
avoid the use of log rolls or body drags.
C.
use a direct carry whenever possible.
D.
keep the weight as close to your body as possible.


4.
In order to facilitate a safe and coordinated move, the team leader should:
A.
be positioned at the feet so the team can hear.
B.
use preparatory commands to initiate any moves.
C.
speak softly but clearly to avoid startling the patient.
D.
never become involved in the move, just direct the move.


5.
To avoid injury when pushing a patient or other object, you should:
A.
push the patient from an overhead position if possible.
B.
avoid pushing the patient with your elbows fully extended.
C.
push from the area of your body between the knees and hips.
D.
kneel if you are pushing an object that is above waist level.


6.
You have two patients who were involved in a motor vehicle crash when their SUV struck a tree—one with neck and back pain, and the other with a deformed left femur. The patient with the deformed femur states that he does not want to be placed on a hard board, nor does he want a collar around his neck. What is the MOST appropriate and practical method of securing these patients and placing them into the ambulance?
A.
Immobilize both patients with a cervical collar and long backboard based on the mechanism of injury; place one on the wheeled stretcher and the other on the squad bench.
B.
Immobilize the patient with neck and back pain on a long backboard and place him on the wheeled stretcher; place the patient with the deformed femur on a folding stretcher secured to the squad bench.
C.
Immobilize the patient with neck and back pain on a long backboard and place him on the squad bench; allow the patient with the deformed femur to sit on the wheeled stretcher.
D.
Apply a traction splint to the patient with the deformed femur and place him on the wheeled stretcher; place the patient with neck and back pain on the squad bench immobilized with a cervical collar and scoop stretcher.


7.
General guidelines for carrying a patient on a stretcher include:
A.
maintaining slight flexion of your back.
B.
leaning back from your waist when lifting.
C.
slightly twisting your body when carrying.
D.
constant communication with your partners.


8.
When carrying a patient up or down stairs, you should avoid:
A.
flexing your body at the knees.
B.
the use of more than two EMTs.
C.
using a wheeled stretcher whenever possible.
D.
the use of a long backboard or scoop stretcher.


9.
Which of the following statements regarding an emergency patient move is correct?
A.
The spine must be fully immobilized prior to performing an emergency move.
B.
An emergency move is performed before the primary assessment and treatment.
C.
The patient is dragged against the body's long axis during an emergency move.
D.
It is not possible to perform an emergency move without injuring the patient.


10.
Situations in which you should use the rapid extrication technique include all of the following, EXCEPT:
A.
a patient who can be properly assessed while still in the vehicle.
B.
a patient who blocks access to another seriously injured patient.
C.
a patient who needs immediate care that requires a supine position.
D.
a patient whose condition requires immediate transport to the hospital.


11.
The proper technique for using the power grip is to:
A.
lift with your palms up.
B.
rotate your palms down.
C.
hold the handle with your fingers.
D.
position your hands about 6″ apart.


12.
It is essential that you ____________ your equipment to prevent the spread of disease.
A.
throw out
B.
decontaminate
C.
burn
D.
store


13.
Which of the following statements regarding the power lift is correct?
A.
It involves using your lower back instead of your legs to lift.
B.
The leg muscles should remain relaxed during the power lift.
C.
It is the safest and most powerful method of lifting a patient.
D.
It is not recommended for people with weak knees or thighs.


14.
The MOST appropriate carrying device to use when moving a patient across rough or uneven terrain is the:
A.
stair chair.
B.
wheeled stretcher.
C.
scoop stretcher.
D.
basket stretcher.


15.
Which of the following is the MOST appropriate device to use when immobilizing a patient with a suspected spinal injury?
A.
long backboard
B.
scoop stretcher
C.
portable stretcher
D.
wheeled stretcher


16.
You and your partner respond to the scene of a 49-year-old male with acute abdominal pain. As you enter his residence, you find him lying on the floor in severe pain. He is conscious and alert. The patient appears to weigh in excess of 350 lb. Your FIRST action should be to:
A.
request the fire department if one attempt to move him fails.
B.
encourage the patient to walk himself to the awaiting ambulance.
C.
assess him and then move him to the stretcher with a direct carry.
D.
request additional personnel before making any attempts to lift him.


17.
When a person is standing upright, the weight of anything being lifted and carried in the hands is FIRST reflected onto the:
A.
pelvic girdle.
B.
spinal column.
C.
thigh muscles.
D.
shoulder girdle.


18.
In which of the following situations is an emergency patient move indicated?
A.
A patient has an altered mental status or is in shock.
B.
The EMT is unable to protect the patient from scene hazards.
C.
The EMT has to gain access to lesser-injured patients in a vehicle.
D.
A significant mechanism of injury is involved.


19.
The FIRST rule of safe lifting is to:
A.
always lift with your palms facing down.
B.
spread your legs approximately 20″ apart.
C.
keep your back in a slightly curved position.
D.
keep your back in a straight, vertical position.


20.
When pulling a patient, you should extend your arms no more than ________ in front of your torso.
A.
5″ to 10″
B.
10″ to 15″
C.
15″ to 20″
D.
20″ to 30″


21.
You and your partner enter the residence of an elderly couple, both of whom are found unconscious in their bed. There is no evidence of trauma. As you begin your assessment, you and your partner notice the smell of natural gas in the residence. Which of the following should be your MOST appropriate action?
A.
Perform a rapid assessment and then move the patients from their residence.
B.
Request another ambulance to assist with lifting and moving the patients.
C.
Quickly exit the residence and request the fire department to move the patients.
D.
Rapidly remove the patients from their residence using a blanket or clothes drag.


22.
The MOST serious consequence of a poorly planned or rushed patient move is:
A.
unnecessarily wasting time.
B.
injury to you or your patient.
C.
causing patient anxiety or fear.
D.
confusion among team members.


23.
When the shoulder girdle is aligned over the pelvis during lifting:
A.
the weight is exerted straight down the vertebrae.
B.
the hands can be held further apart from the body.
C.
the muscles of the back experience increased strain.
D.
the risk of back injuries is significantly increased.


24.
A folding or portable stretcher is MOST beneficial when:
A.
a second patient must be transported on the squad bench of the ambulance.
B.
an injured patient cannot be placed on a long board due to severe back pain.
C.
a conscious, alert patient must be carried down several flights of steep stairs.
D.
a patient requires full spinal immobilization when spinal injury is suspected.


25.
Which of the following statements regarding the neonatal isolette is correct?
A.
The isolette serves to keep the neonate warm and protects from excess handling.
B.
A freestanding isolette should be used, not one that is secured to the stretcher.
C.
The safest type of isolette is one that takes the place of the ambulance stretcher.
D.
If an isolette is not available, the neonate can safely be transported on the stretcher.


26.
In which of the following situations would a direct ground lift be the MOST appropriate method of moving a patient?
A.
a conscious patient complaining of abdominal pain
B.
a patient who complains of hip pain following a fall
C.
a pedestrian with back pain after being struck by a car
D.
an unconscious patient with a possible ischemic stroke


27.
The direct carry is used to transfer a patient:
A.
with multiple long bone injuries.
B.
with a possible cervical spine injury.
C.
from a bed to the ambulance stretcher.
D.
who cannot be placed on a backboard.


28.
When performing the rapid extrication technique to remove a patient from his or her vehicle, you should:
A.
apply a vest-style extrication device prior to moving the patient.
B.
apply a cervical collar and immobilize the patient on a short backboard.
C.
grasp the patient by the clothing and drag him or her from the car.
D.
apply a cervical collar and remove the patient on a long backboard.


29.
When carrying a patient on a backboard up or down stairs:
A.
keep your palms facing down.
B.
keep the head end elevated.
C.
carry the patient headfirst.
D.
keep the foot end elevated.


30.
As you and your partner are carrying a stable patient down a flight of stairs in a stair chair, you feel a sudden, sharp pain in your lower back. You should:
A.
reposition your hands and continue to move the patient.
B.
stop the move and request additional lifting assistance.
C.
guide your partner while moving the chair backwards.
D.
stop the move and have the patient walk down the stairs.


31.
Upon arriving at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you find a single patient still seated in his car. There are no scene hazards. As you approach the vehicle, you note that the patient is semiconscious and has a large laceration to his forehead. You should:
A.
direct your partner to apply manual in-line support of the patient's head.
B.
apply a cervical collar and quickly remove the patient with a clothes drag.
C.
apply a vest-style extrication device before attempting to move the patient.
D.
slide a long backboard under his buttocks and lay him sideways on the board.


32.
The _________ is both the mechanical weight-bearing base of the spinal column and the fused central posterior section of the pelvic girdle.
A.
coccyx
B.
sacrum
C.
thorax
D.
ischium


33.
You should not attempt to lift a patient who weighs more than 250 lb with fewer than _______ rescuers, regardless of individual strength.
A.
three
B.
four
C.
five
D.
six


34.
In contrast to typical wheeled ambulance stretchers, features of a bariatric stretcher include:
A.
a collapsible undercarriage.
B.
a weight capacity of up to 650 lb.
C.
increased stability due to a wider wheelbase.
D.
two safety rails on both sides of the stretcher.


35.
The extremity lift would NOT be appropriate to use on a patient:
A.
without a spinal injury.
B.
with a deformed humerus.
C.
who complains of nausea.
D.
with forearm lacerations.


36.
Which of the following conditions or situations presents the MOST unique challenge to the EMT when immobilizing an elderly patient on a long backboard?
A.
joint flexibility
B.
patient disorientation
C.
naturally deformed bones
D.
abnormal spinal curvature


37.
Which of the following statements regarding patient weight distribution is correct?
A.
The majority of a horizontal patient's weight is in the torso.
B.
Most of the patient's weight rests on the foot end of the stretcher.
C.
A semi-sitting patient's weight is equally distributed on both ends.
D.
The EMT at the patient's head will bear the least amount of weight.


38.
An EMT may injure his or her back, even if it is straight, if the:
A.
back is bent forward at the hips.
B.
hands are held close to the legs.
C.
shoulder is aligned over the pelvis.
D.
force is exerted straight down the spine.


39.
With proper technique, you and your partner should be able to safely lift a patient who weighs up to ______ lb.
A.
150
B.
175
C.
190
D.
220


40.
A critical aspect of the rapid extrication technique is to:
A.
maintain stabilization of the spine at all times.
B.
move the patient as quickly as you possibly can.
C.
extricate the patient with one coordinated move.
D.
apply a vest-style device before moving the patient.


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