When afterload increases:

Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:

The MOST common reason that many people experiencing AMI do not seek immediate medical attention is because they:

Ventricular tachycardia causes hypotension because:

You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. Bystanders are present, but have not provided any care. You should:

The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if:

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sympathetic nervous system?

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term used to describe:

Common side effects of nitroglycerin include all of the following, EXCEPT:

The main legal risk in using the AED is:

Rapid, labored breathing in a patient with signs and symptoms of AMI should make you suspicious for:

A percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) restores blood flow to the ischemic myocardium by:

Angina pectoris occurs when:

A 67-year-old female with severe chest pain becomes unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic during transport. You should:

The electrical impulse generated by the heart originates in the:

The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source is called:

Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?

The inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood to the right side of the heart from all of the following areas, EXCEPT the:

The myocardium receives oxygenated blood from the __________, which originate(s) from the __________.

The head and brain receive their supply of oxygenated blood from the:

Which of the following statements regarding the AED and defibrillation is correct?

Your EMS team is performing CPR on a 60-year-old male in cardiac arrest. You connect the AED, push the analyze button, and receive a “no shock advised” message. You should:

Which of the following is of LEAST pertinence when obtaining medical history information from a patient complaining of chest discomfort?

Which of the following cardiac arrhythmias has the greatest chance of deteriorating into a pulseless rhythm?

Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:

A 40-year-old man is in cardiac arrest. Your partner is performing CPR. You are attaching the AED when the patient's wife tells you that he has an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD). The AED advises that a shock is indicated. What should you do?

Cardiac output may decrease if the heart beats too rapidly because:

You are assessing a 49-year-old man who complains of chest pressure that began the night before. He is conscious, but anxious, and tells you he has a history of angina and hypertension. After applying high-flow oxygen, you expose his chest to auscultate his lungs and note that he has a nitroglycerin patch on his right upper chest. His skin is cool and pale, his blood pressure is 78/50 mm Hg, and his pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular. You should:

Ischemic heart disease is MOST accurately defined as:

Which of the following statements regarding nitroglycerin is correct?

Which of the following is a major difference between angina pectoris and AMI?

Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:

A 67-year-old female presents with difficulty breathing and chest discomfort that awakened her from her sleep. She states that she has congestive heart failure, has had two previous heart attacks, and has prescribed nitroglycerin. She is conscious and alert with adequate breathing. Her blood pressure is 94/64 mm Hg and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Treatment for this patient includes:

The AED is MOST advantageous to the EMT because:

In contrast to AMI, a dissecting aortic aneurysm:

Common signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency include:

When an electrical impulse reaches the AV node, it is slowed for a brief period of time so that:

The electrical stimulus that originates in the heart's primary pacemaker is controlled by impulses from the brain that arrive by way of the:

The MOST common error associated with the use of the AED is:

Which of the following veins is located inferior to the trunk?

When would it be MOST appropriate for a patient to take his or her prescribed nitroglycerin?

You are dispatched to a convenience store for a patient who passed out. Upon arriving at the scene, you find two bystanders performing CPR on the patient, a 58-year-old male. Your initial action should be to:

When the myocardium requires more oxygen:

The left ventricle has the thickest walls because it:

After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:

Prior to defibrillating a patient with an AED, it is MOST important that you:

Defibrillator pads are placed on the patient's chest with one pad to the:

Which of the following signs or symptoms would you NOT expect to encounter in a patient with congestive heart failure?

Narrowing of the coronary arteries due to a buildup of fatty deposits is called:

The descending aorta divides into the two iliac arteries at the level of the:

Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:

A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. Her blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and irregular, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. The patient does not have prescribed nitroglycerin, but her husband does. You should:

A 66-year-old woman presents with a stabbing pain in the middle of her chest that radiates to her back. She tells you that the pain suddenly began about 30 minutes ago and has been severe since the onset. She has a history of hypertension, but admits to being noncompliant with her antihypertensive medications. When you assess her, you find that her blood pressure is significantly higher in her left arm than it is in her right arm. What are her signs and symptoms MOST indicative of?

Upon arriving at the residence of a patient with a possible cardiac problem, it is MOST important to:

Nitroglycerin relieves cardiac-related chest pain by:

Cardiogenic shock following AMI is caused by:

Blood that is ejected from the right ventricle:

Major risk factors for AMI include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Which of the following medications is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots from forming or getting bigger?

Sudden death following AMI is MOST often caused by: